In addition, the present results revealed that cd73 expression was significantly higher in malignant salivary gland tumors than benign salivary gland tumors p0. A randomized phase ii study of adjuvant concurrent radiation and chemotherapy versus radiation alone in resected highrisk malignant salivary gland tumors study chairs 22712 coprincipal investigatormedical oncology pathology cochair cristina rodriguez, md adel elnaggar, m. They comprise from 2 to 3% of all the salivary gland. These tumors are rare, with an overall incidence in the western world of approximately 2. Overall, most salivary gland tumors are benign and can be treated with surgical excision.
Highresolution mr imaging was performed on 31 patients with benign or malignant salivary gland tumors. An approach to the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors richard c. This result confirms that cd73 is a key regulatory molecule in the tumorogenesis process of these tumors. Malignant sgts represent 6% of head and neck cancers and 0. Emerging biology of malignant salivary gland tumors offers. Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. The incidence of salivary gland neoplasms as a whole is approximately 5.
Benign and malignant tumors can occur in the salivary glands. For malignant tumors, treatment is with excision and radiation. Diagnosing salivary gland cancer a diagnosis is generally made possible via a fine needle biopsy fna. The most common benign salivary gland tumor is a pleomorphic adenoma. Pdf chapter 11 malignant salivary gland neoplasms literature. This is typically a slowgrowing tumor that occurs most often in the parotid gland.
The ivim parameters of the salivary gland tumors were determined by a radiologist, and signif. Signs of salivary gland cancer include a lump or trouble swallowing. Salivary gland tumors symptoms and causes mayo clinic. They develop less often in the submandibular glands or in minor salivary glands inside the mouth. There is a wide variation in these malignant neoplasms over different geographic areas and ethnic groups.
Herein, we describe a series of 5 cases of malignant pulmonary tumors with mixed morphologic features highly suggestive of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Salivary gland neoplasms may be benign or malignant, and malignant tumors can be primary or metastatic. Being exposed to certain types of radiation may increase the risk of salivary cancer. Pdf salivary gland tumours are a relatively rare and morphologically diverse group of lesions. Salivary gland tumors sgts are usually in the parotid uncommon 5. Malignant salivary gland tumors make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. These disease entities are relatively rare, histologically diverse, and may involve several. Pdf malignant salivary gland tumors of the maxillary. The majority of these tumors reoccur after curative surgical procedures. The majority of these neoplasms are benign and only 20% are malignant. Build on previous arrocases for salivary gland tumors. Salivary gland cancers malignant salivary gland tumors there are many types of salivary gland cancers.
An approach to the why is salivary gland pathology. Salivary gland tumours represent about 6% of head and neck neoplasms and about 0. About salivary gland cancer what is salivary gland cancer. Adenoid cystic carcinomas and adenocarcinomas were the most frequent tumors. Malignant minor salivary gland tumors of the larynx. Brazilian national institute of cancer experience 19972006. Malignant neoplasms salivary gland tumors stanford.
Ramesh parajuli, ms chitwan medical college teaching hospital, chitwan, nepal 2. The annual incidence of salivary gland cancers ranges from 0. In general, the ratio of benign to malignant tumors is proportional to the gland size. Salivary gland cancers malignant salivary gland tumors. Of a total of 122 patients with minor salivary gland tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses, 66 patients were identified who had had their therapy at the university of texas m.
Approximately three fourths of all salivary gland tumors occur in the major salivary glands. These are commonly seen in the cheek, palate, and lips. Apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of salivary gland. The kaplanmeier method was used to plot survival curves with the log rank test for analysis of cumulative survival rates.
About 20% of parotid tumors are malignant, with higher percentages for children, for the submandibular gland, and for intraoral minor salivary glands. A painless salivary mass is the most common sign and is evaluated by fineneedle aspiration biopsy. While most parotid tumors are noncancerous benign, the parotid glands are where nearly 25 percent of. As a general rule in clinical practice, the smaller the salivary gland is, the more likely the tumour is malignant. Intraoral minor salivary gland tumors constitute both benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands in brazil. The world health organization lists several benign salivary gland tumors. Tumors of minor salivary glands e583 introduction salivary gland neoplasms represent less than 1% of all tumors, and 35% of all head and neck neoplasms. Still in the us, carcinomas of the major salivary glands comprise 11% of oropharyngeal neoplasms.
Several types of cancer can develop in these glands. Salivary gland tumors are rare, and information on management of locoregional and metastatic disease is based on retrospective series and phase ii trials, most commonly in acc. Tumors of minor salivary glands med oral patol oral cir bucal. Differentiation of benign and malignant tumors is not the primary goal of ct and mri. Salivary gland tumors sgts are rare neoplasms accounting for 0. X 293 72 parotid submandibular 83 21 sublingual 4 1 1. Malignant salivary gland tumors of the paranasal sinuses. Salivary gland tumors tehran university of medical sciences. These cancers are usually low grade, but they can also be intermediate or. The overall incidence of salivary gland tumors varies around the world from approximately 0. Benign and malignant salivary gland tumors anticancer research. The major and minor salivary glands give rise to a variety of both benign and malignant lesions. Twelve patients who had malignant minor salivary gland tumors of the larynx were identified from a search of institutional databases and the pathology records at memorial sloankettering cancer center, new york, ny, between the years 1970 and 2003.
The two most common of these are pleomorphic adenomas and warthin tumors. The heterogeneity of salivary neoplasms represents a unique. Tumour growth and malignant transformation are complex processes involving various actions of molecules. Saliva has enzymes that help digest food and antibodies that help protect against infections of the mouth and throat. Normal salivary glands are made up of many different kinds of cells, and tumors can start in any of these cell types. Finally, ongoing research into etiologic molecular markers for other types of malignant salivary gland tumors may ultimately help define a functional classification system that will lead to better strategies of prevention and treatment for the broad group of malignant salivary gland tumors. They do not generally invade adjacent tissues or metastasize, but they can continue to grow and become deforming. Mortality from malignant salivary gland neoplasms varies by stage and pathology, but the overall 5year survival rate is 72%. This article will focus on some of the new advances in salivary gland tumor pathology that have a potential for. The salivary glands make saliva and release it into the mouth.
Site of origin of 403 malignant salivary gland tumors malignant salivary tumors 19581980 pts. Furthermore, some malignant salivary gland tumours are deemed to be caused by dedifferentiation or malignant transformation of benign tumours. What is the incidence of malignancy in di erent salivary glands. Diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed by using 11 b values 0800 secmm2. Histologically, these tumors had striking salivary glandtype features characterized by a malignant epithelialmyoepithelial component set in a prominent chondromyxoid stroma. They represent less than one percent of all head and neck tumors. Parotid tumors are the most common type of salivary gland tumors, accounting for 80 to 85 percent of all salivary gland tumors. Salivary gland tumors merck manuals professional edition. Pdf malignant salivary gland neoplasms represent approximately 3% to 7% of all head and neck cancers making them extremely rare tu. Salivary gland neoplasm an overview sciencedirect topics.
Pulmonary salivary glandtype tumors with features of. In total, 12% of the patients with pdl1 expression showed a con. Salivary gland tumors are rare in comparison to the overall incidence of tumors of the head and neck region. Salivary gland tumors are variable in location, origin and malignant potential. Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease in which malignant cancer cells form in the tissues of the salivary glands. Most salivary gland tumors are benign and occur in the parotid glands. Malignant epithelial tumor of modified myoepithelial abluminal and ductal luminal differentiated cells about 5% of all salivary gland tumors 12% of all malignant tumors age. Salivary gland tumors are a morphologically and clinically diverse group of neoplasms, which may present significant diagnostic and management challenges.
The prognosis of malignant tumors of minor salivary glands depends on the affected anatomic site, symptoms of nerve involvement, the stage of the disease, and particularly the histological subtype and grade of the tumor. Cd73 a novel marker for the diagnosis of benign and. Although most clinicians and pathologists will have encountered the more common benign neoplasms, few have experience of the full range of salivary cancers, which are best managed in specialist centres. Salivary gland tumours are rare and most cases are referred to the head and neck clinic. Parotid most common site half develop in minor salivary glands most common malignant oral sgt adenoid cystic carcinoma.
Tests that examine the head, neck, and the inside of the mouth are. The clinical spectrum of 403 malignant salivary gland tumors october 1986, volume 12, number 10 table 3. There are a variety of benign salivary gland tumors, including. Surface coils of 47 or 110 mm diameter were used to improve the image resolution. This could be particularly important for aggressive salivary gland tumors, such as salivary duct carcinoma sdc. Salivary gland tumours are a relatively rare and morphologically diverse group of lesions. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most common type of salivary gland cancer. The submandibular glands are smaller and are below. Traditionally, the treatment of choice for these tumors is surgery.
Malignant salivary gland tumors of the maxillary sinus. Caexpas and most are high grade, with salivary duct carcinoma. Salivary gland tumors constitute an uncommon, heterogeneous group of neoplasm that varies considerably in their anatomic site of origin, histology and biologic behavior. The minor salivary gland tumors msgts may be present in individuals of a wide age range including children and adults. We examined pdl1expression in 47 patients with malignant salivary gland tumor by immunohistochemical staining.
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